Iranian Journal of Geophysics

Iranian Journal of Geophysics

Evaluation of shear wave velocity anisotropy in the crust of the southern Caspian sea

Document Type : Research Article

Authors
Marzieh Ramezan Zadeh Rostami 1
Zohreh Sadat Riazi Rad 2
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Petroleum, Mining and Geophysics Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering, Central Tehran, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assosiate Professor, Department of Geology, Faculty of Basic Science, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran
10.30499/ijg.2024.464079.1609
Abstract
Anisotropy is one of the most important characteristics of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, influencing the stability of open and underground spaces. One of the methods that can be used from the seismic data recorded in seismic networks is the polar separation of two perpendicular phases, revealing itself in the form of anisotropy in the earth's crust and mantle. The anisotropy of the shear wave velocity is represented by direction (φ) and the magnitude of time delay (δt). Usually, the direction of shear wave anisotropy is considered as the direction of the fast shear wave component relative to the geographic north, expressed in clockwise degrees. This study utilized data from seismic stations at the Institute of Geophysics, the University of Tehran, and the International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering in northern Iran. The data spanned from January 2018 to January 2020 and included earthquakes with a magnitude of ML≥3.5. Some stations had recorded good local earthquake data, and by using Ps phase detection in the recorded seismograms, the anisotropy parameters were calculated in these stations. The investigations of the present research were carried out based on one of the standard methods of measuring shear wave derivation. The shear wave analysis window is selected automechanically using coding and the pair φ and δt is calculated. In order to better identify the anisotropy of the region and the lack of proper data recording in some seismic stations, original data recorded in local stations were used. Based on Saisan and SAC software, the delay between compression and shear waves was calculated on an average of 1.1±0.03 seconds and a maximum of 20.18±5 degrees. It was also observed using the minimum energy method with an average delay time of 1.25±0.05 seconds and a fast axis azimuth of 18.03±4 degrees. Shear velocity was calculated at each station using inverse modeling. The results show that the velocity value has increased from the Caspian Sea to the Alborz side compared to other studies. The results obtained from the anisotropy map show that the movement of the crust in the eastern region of the southern Caspian Sea is northwest to north. In the south of this area, the trend direction changes to the northeast. In the central region south of the Caspian Sea, the direction of crust movement is towards the northwest, and the southern region of this region, which includes Alborz, shows the northeast direction. In the western region of the Caspian Sea, the movement of the crust is almost northerly, with a small component towards the west and east. Lower than this area, the east-west trend turns, and at the end of Alborz, it takes a northeastward. At the end of the western region of Alborz, the crust plate moves towards the northwest. The current study is slightly different from other studies that have been done in this area, and the reason for this can be attributed to the seismic and tectonic reactivation of the mentioned area.
Keywords
Anisotropy
crust
north of Iran
Alborz
shear wave

Subjects

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Iranian Journal of Geophysics
Volume 19, Issue 2
May and June 2025
Pages 13-29