مجله ژئوفیزیک ایران

مجله ژئوفیزیک ایران

بررسی لرزه‌خیزی، محاسبه و تحلیل سازوکارکانونی زمینلرزه‌ها و مدل‌سازی تنش تکتونیکی در جزیره قشم و نواحی اطراف آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی‌

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکترا، پژوهشگاه بین‌‌المللی زلزله‌شناسی و مهندسی زلزله، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار، پژوهشگاه بین‌‌المللی زلزله‌شناسی و مهندسی زلزله، تهران، ایران
3 استادیار، پژوهشگاه بین‌‌المللی زلزله‌شناسی و مهندسی زلزله، تهران، ایران
10.30499/ijg.2026.569582.1747
چکیده
شناسایی آهنگ لرزه‌‌خیزی، سازوکار کانونی زمینلرزه‌ها و وضعیت میدان تنش تکتونیکی برای درک بهتر لرزه‌زمین‌ساخت هر منطقه اهمیت دارد. محاسبه مولفه‌های تنش و مدل سازی وارون‌ تانسور تنش مستلزم بررسی لرزه‌‌خیزی، تحلیل مجموعه‌ای از زمینلرزه‌های دستگاهی و محاسبه سازوکار کانونی آن‌ها می‌باشد. مطالعه لرزه‌خیزی جزیره قشم به عنوان بزرگترین جزیره ایران در خلیج فارس در مجاورت تنگه هرمز، با توجه به برنامه‌ریزی‌های کلان با هدف توسعه صنعتی، تجاری، گردشگری و اقتصادی از اهمیت بسیار بالایی برخوردار است. بررسی لرزه‌خیزی منطقه قشم براساس شواهد تاریخی و گزارش‌های علمی نشان می‌دهد که در هشتصد سال اخیر، زمینلرزه‌های نسبتاً زیادی در منطقه قشم رخ داده‌ است به‌طوری که در یک صد سال اخیر، وقوع هفده زمینلرزه با بزرگی بیش از 6 در این جزیره گزارش شده است. در پژوهش حاضر، 21 زمینلرزه مهم اخیر با بزرگی بیش از 9/4 که در گستره شعاع یک صدکیلومتری مرکز جزیره قشم به‌وقوع پیوسته‌اند، به‌منظور حل تانسور ممان لرزه‌ای با استفاده از مدل سازی شکل موج مورد بررسی قرارگرفته‌اند. علاوه بر آن، سازوکار کانونی زمینلرزه‌های ۵ رویداد مهم دستگاهی که توسط سایر پژوهشگران محاسبه شده بود، برای تعیین میدان تنش در جزیره قشم انتخاب گردید. بررسی نتایج حاصل از سازوکارهای کانونی و وارون‌سازی آنها برای محاسبه مولفه تنش اصلی در گستره قشم، وجود دو رژیم تنش متمایز را آشکار می‌سازد. رژیم‌ تکتونیکی غالب گسلش تراستی با روند شمال غرب-جنوب شرق می‌باشد. از این رو، برای توسعه تاسیسات صنعتی، تجاری و اقتصادی در مجاورت گسله‌های فعال با روند یاد شده، رعایت دقیق استانداردهای فنی با هدف افزایش تاب‌آوری در مقابل حوادث لرزه‌ای محتمل آتی ضروری است. علاوه بر آن، پایش لرزه‌ای برخط در چارچوب پدافند غیرعامل برای کاهش ریسک لرزه‌ای با هدف توسعه و پیشرفت پایدار منطقه اقتصادی-تجاری قشم از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Focal mechanism analysis and stress inversion: a comprehensive approach to understanding seismic activity of Qeshm island and its adjacent area

نویسندگان English

Somayeh Habibi-Sesari 1
Gholam Javan-Doloei 2
Somayeh Ahmadzadeh 3
1 Ph.D. Student, International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Our knowledge from tectonic stress field, seismicity and the type of focal mechanism of earthquakes can help to better understand the seismotectonics of each region. Calculating stress components and inverse modeling of the stress tensor requires studying the seismicity and analyzing a set of earthquakes and calculating their focal mechanisms. This study is of great importance for Qeshm Island, as the largest island in Iran whithin the Persian Gulf and adjacent to the Strait of Hormuz, due to large-scale planning aimed at industrial, commercial, tourism, and economic development. The study of the seismicity of the Qeshm region based on historical evidence and scientific reports shows that relatively many earthquakes have occurred in the Qeshm region in the last eight centuries, with seventeen earthquakes larger than 6 in the 20th century. In addition, in the present study, based on the analysis of the focal mechanism of significant earthquakes, 76 events have been selected to calculate the stress field on Qeshm Island. The results of focal mechanisms and their inversion to calculate the principal stress component in Qeshm show the existence of two distinct stress regimes; however, the prevailing tectonic regime is characterized by thrust faulting with a northwest-southeast trend. The stress field derived from the entire data set indicates an R' value of 2.5, with a maximum horizontal stress (SHmax) oriented in the northwest-southeast direction. Evaluation of the results indicates that the data of the present study are of high quality and present a coherent image consistent with the active tectonics of the Zagros. The dominance of the thrust mechanism confirms that the Qeshm region is under intense horizontal compression. Furthermore, the presence of scattered strike-slip and normal faults reveals the complexity of local structures caused by the presence of salt domes and transfer faults. Overall, this study, based on high-resolution waveform modeling, shows that earthquakes in the Qeshm region are predominantly (76%) generated by thrust faults with a NW-SE trend. This pattern suggests the dominance of the Arabia-Eurasia collision mechanism in the region. However, the significant presence of strike-slip faults (19%) in the northeastern part of the region likely indicates stress partitioning at the eastern margin of the Hormuz salt diapir or the effect of deep-seated transfer faults. Only one event with a normal mechanism was identified, which could be due to local extension associated with layer bending from anticline growth. The present model introduces the Qeshm fault (with a NW-SE trend and a dip towards the northeast) as the main seismogenic structure in the southwestern cluster. Therefore, the development of industrial, commercial, and economic facilities in the vicinity of active northwest-southeast trending faults with strict adherence to technical standards will contribute significantly to the sustainable development and and progress.  In addition, the seismic risk of the region is significant due to the possibility of moderate to severe earthquakes without surface fracture outcrops, and requires online seismic monitoring within the framework of passive defense to reduce seismic risk of the Qeshm commercial region.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Focal mechanism
seismicity
Qeshm island
stress inversion
Persian gulf
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